Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
Volume 16, Issue 2 , Pages 64-66 , February 2009

Prevalence of dihydrocodeine in hydrocodone positive postmortem specimens

  • Amanda J. Jenkins, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Lake County Crime Laboratory, 235 Fairgrounds Road, Painesville, OH 44077, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 508 334 7296.
    • ,
  • Eric S. Lavins, BS

      Affiliations

    • The Office of the Cuyahoga County Coroner, Cleveland, OH, USA
    • ,
  • Courtney Hunek, BS

      Affiliations

    • University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
    • Present address: The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Received 20 February 2008 ,Revised 14 August 2008 ,Accepted 16 August 2008.

References 

  1. Results from the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. Rockville MD, Office of Applied Studies, Substance and Mental Health Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, September 2006. DHHS Publication No. SMA 06-4194.
  2. Opiate-related drug misuse deaths in six states: 2003. In The New DAWN Report 19 2006. Rockville MD, Office of Applied Studies, Substance and Mental Health Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services.
  3. Physicians’ desk reference. 61st ed. Montvale, NJ, Thomson PDR; 2007.
  4. Baselt RC. Disposition of toxic drugs and chemicals in man. 6th ed.. Foster City, CA: Biomedical Publications; 2002;
  5. Jenkins AJ, Lavins ES. 6-Acetylmorphine detection in postmortem cerebrospinal fluid. J Anal Toxicol. 1998;22:173–175
  6. Spiller HA. Postmortem oxycodone and hydrocodone blood concentrations. J Forensic Sci. 2003;48(2):429–431
  7. Gerostamoulos J, Drummer OH. Postmortem redistribution of morphine and its metabolites. J Forensic Sci. 2000;45(4):843–845
  8. Bogusz M. Postmortem distribution pattern of morphine and morphine glucuronides in heroin overdose. Int J Leg Med. 1997;110(2):114–116
  9. Yarema MC, Becker CE. Key concepts in postmortem drug redistribution. Clin Toxicol. 2005;43:235–241
  10. Moore C, Feldman M, Harrison E, Sumandeep R, Coulter C, Kuntz D, et al. Disposition of hydrocodone in hair. J Anal Toxicol. 2006;30:353–359
  11. Hutchinson MR, Menelaou A, Foster DJ, Coller JK, Somogyi AA. CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 involvement in the primary oxidative metabolism of hydrocodone by human liver microsomes. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004;57(3):287–297
  12. Schmidt H, Vormfelde S, Klinder K, Gundert-Remy U, Gleiter CH, Skopp G, et al. Affinities of dihydrocodeine and its metabolites to opioids receptors. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2002;91(2):57–63

PII: S1752-928X(08)00156-X

doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2008.08.002

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
Volume 16, Issue 2 , Pages 64-66 , February 2009

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